Først publisert: 13. okt 2020, kl. 17:00
«Erfaringskonsulenter spiller en viktig rolle for
samhandlingskultur og er et verktøy som fremmer
brukerrollen, særlig i psykiatrisk helsevesen. Vil man styrke
brukernes nettverk og lage en individuell plan,
er det være smart å rådføre seg med en erfaringskonsulent.»
Helsedirektoratet, systemet, brukere og de som utformer lovverket til helsesystemet,
har lenge vist tydelighet ovenfor pasientgrupper som bør tilbys verktøy for å administrere
egen helsesituasjon: Ved behov for flere hjelpeinstanser, sier loven at det skal opprettes
en individuell plan.
Kartlegging sammen med brukerne
Siden 2001 har Helsedirektoratet forsøkt å pålegge de ulike tjenester å samhandle om
pasienten, og gi ham eller henne god oversikt over sine muligheter. Videre skal kartlegging
gjøres i samarbeid med brukerne, for å finne ut hvilke av tjenestene som er hensiktsmessige
for vedkommende.Innenfor en rekke somatiske tjenesteområder har denne koordinering
vært utbredt lenge. Innenfor psykisk helsetjeneste derimot,
ser vi at det for lite samhandlingskultur mellom instansene.Har gitt innsikt
Hvorfor er det slik? Er mangel på åpenhet en del av forklaringen?
Som erfaringskonsulent følte jeg at mitt ståsted mellom behandler, system og bruker,
ga en unik posisjon til å bidra akkurat her.Som erfaringskonsulent var jeg ofte medfølger på besøk til ulike kontor og etater, og fikk bredt
innblikk i brukerens liv. På bakgrunn av tilliten, og innsikten vi får, kan erfarinsgkonsulenten peke
på noe som mangler, i offentlig nettverk.Det bør være mer samhandling mellom tjenestene og mer involvering av brukerne, gjerne
via IP-verktøy. Pasient- og pårørendes rettigheter må ivaretas bedre. Alt for mange gode
hjelpere blir lite inkludert. Dette er grep som vil bedre psykiatrisk tjeneste, om det
jobbes mer med å sy sammen hjelpebehovet mot tjenestetilbudet.
Pårørende som ressurs
Dette er en trygg påstand: Å ruste opp brukernes nettverk, samt å skape nettverksarbeid
med bruker og hans eller hennes pårørende, vil styrke muligheten til lengre og bedre livskvalitet
for brukerne. Skal vi la slike ressurser stå ubenyttet?Taushetsplikt til hinder
Vi har taushetserklæringen, som beskytter, men som samtidig kan hindre samhandling.
Mange hjelpere i systemet opplever taushetsplikten som en hindring, og det var vel aldri slik
den var planlagt å skulle virke? Jeg har snakket med mange som er fortvilet over hvordan
taushetsplikten hindrer hjelp. Både behandlere og brukere har opplevd dette.Sammen må vi finne en løsning slik at pårørende og nettverket får innpass og blir involvert.
Uten dette, vil hjelpeapparatet ligne et saktegående og tog, som brukerne sliter med å komme
seg både på og av.Styrk selvstendighet og ansvar
Det er holdningene om at pasienten er hjelpeløs og utilregnelig vi MÅ livs. Til tider har noen
lavt funksjonsnivå, men gi brukeren må få selvstendigheten tilbake så fort han klarer det?
Vi undervurderer, og er raskere til å nedvurdere psykisk psykes potensialet, enn de med
somatiske lidelser. Dette må vi slutte med.
Ved å gi brukerne en opplevelse av å være inkludert og selv ha ansvar for egen helse og
fremtid, kan vi skape mer selvstendighet. Brukerstyrte plasser hvor pasientene avgjør når
og hvor lenge de er innlagt, gir gode tall på slik effekt. Det resulterer i færre og kortere
innleggelser. Å bidra til selvstendighet er kostnadseffektivt helsefremmende arbeid som
vi alle bør ta del i.En ny samarbeidspartner!
Dette krever omstillingsevne og innsats, men med brukermedvirkning og erfarings-kompetanse
med på laget, får dere en ny samarbeidspartner som kan gjøre feltarbeid og brobygging mellom
bruker og system enklere.Vi er blitt invitert med for å være en annerledes støtte, nå er tiden kommet for å si noe
om hva vi sammen kan endre.Nettverket med i Individuell plan
Pasient og pårørende-rettigheter sier tydelig at behandlerapparatet skal finne nærmeste
pårørende eller øvrig nettverk når en bruker ikke er i stand til å ivareta seg selv. Brukerne i
psykiatrien sliter mer med relasjonsbygging enn andre pasientgrupper, og derfor bør dette
prioriteres i behandlingstilbudet. Det fins flere tiltak som kan benyttes, et godt verktøy som
individuell plan kan skape rammen.Ved store nasjonale undersøkelser svarer mange psykiatriske pasienter at de ikke får god
nok informasjon om sin behandling, og at det er vanskelig å bli mer selvstendig.Erfaringer i ambulant tjeneste har vist at vi trenger mer sømløse, tilrettelagte tjenester
som er koordinert for hver enkelt bruker. Som er brukermedvirkere kan det bygges bro
mellom system og brukere, ved å informere om fordelene ved individuell plan,
eller nettverksmøter.Bruk retningslinjene!
Når Helsedirektoratet, som myndighetsorganet og statlige fagdirektorat har som en
av sine viktige visjoner å fremme en primærhelsesektor som samhandler godt, er det
på tide å etterleve direktoratets retningslinjer.Vi vet at psykisk syke ofte har dårligere relasjonsevner, mange har et utslitt nettverket, som
i noen tilfeller også er fullstendig ubrukelig. Derfor må psykisk syke få hjelp til økt selvstendighet
og bygging av nettverk. Individuell plan kan være svaret. Hvis brukeren forstår verdien og
mulighetene som ligger i verktøyet.
Det må presenteres skikkelig av systemet, og følges oss skikkelig mot pasienter og brukerer.Brukers verktøy
Det forutsetter at behandlersiden forstår at IP-verktøyet hovedsakelig er til for
brukeren til planlegging av fremtidige mål og bedre opplevelser med helsetjenester.
Systemet skal bruke verktøyet til samarbeid for å gi bruker optimal helseoppfølging.Helseskribent hos EKmagasinet Tone Berg – tidligere erfaringskonsulent hos Part
psykisk ambulant rehabiliterings team.
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